Introduction to Applied Professional Ethics

Subtopic 1: The Role of Ethics in the Workplace Description of Concrete Experience: I have worked for ATT for about 20 years now and during my first 9 years I held the non-management positions including Account Representative, and PAF Associate. I must admit that implementing the ethical programs in the organization was not an easy task and it is a delicate matter of discussion as it involved both matters of personal ethical conduct and that of others who interact with me. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Applied Professional Ethics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When I was a junior worker, I did not face many changes requiring me to exercise decisions making skills concerning ethical issues but since I joined the management team 11 years ago, I have faced several challenges and dilemma that required cautious and informed ethical reasoning in order to make decisions. Besides, since the workplac es has been a very dynamic place especially with increasing diversity and issues of equity, there have been development of new policies and practices that have increased the importance of ethical responsibility. In order to be able to competently perform and part of the management team I decided to take a course in ethical leadership to help me to learn more about ethical issues and their impact at workplaces. This will improve my performance of being vigilant, open communication and offering expert support for ethical programs. Reflection: tracing back to my early days on the job, I can tell that, there has been great transformation at ATT in terms of ethical responsibility. Ethics have become very important at this workplace as they have been shaping the organization culture of this company. An employee in the management team, I have often used out company ethical standard to decide on what to do and what practices to allow. This has built a good reputation for the entire managem ent team. Previously, some unscrupulous acts were condoned and such personalities caused a great deal of trouble into the company operations including the process of hiring. Since, the organization has had a culture of proactive model of addressing problems; I sought to ensure that the vice of unethical acts does not permeate through the whole company to cause negative effects like poor client service, unethical accounting issues or inadequate quality. Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As such I studied ethical leadership in order to understand the ethical theories bearing in mind that unethical conduct can affect even managers like me. Generalization/Principles/Theories: there is increased awareness of human rights in the ATT workplace and people are expected to adhere to the code of conduct in their normal daily tasks, however, this is not always the case. There are several factors that I have observed to complicate the matter. One might say that the company is experiencing ethical crisis but, there are a much more individual problems yet to be addressed. Faced with an ethical dilemma, a person can deduce what is the correct thing to do by intuitive common sense but still take another course of action. This is what I refer to as lack of moral courage which is basically the unwillingness to do the correct thing yet the consequences may be too much to bear. This is because the damage caused by ethical violations is more that monetary value and may include diminution of company reputation. I have come to learn that the major challenge to ethical responsibility entailed the personal ability to reason or make decision whenever I am faced with an ethical dilemma. This would determine whether or not I can make the decisions regarding ethical issues, therefore to ensure that I am responsible, ethical leadership course was the right thing for me since decis ion making is a learned skill that I need and must have to deal with ethical issues. Testing and Application: I have come to appreciate that ethics at workplace play a crucial role just as the spinal cord is to the body. Even ATT has now decided to consider it as a management discipline especially that every company is required to bear its social responsibility. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Applied Professional Ethics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In over the 11 years that I have been in the management team, I have witnessed great awareness in the company concerning ethical conduct and this has raised the expectations the employees to act according to the dictates of the company’s ethics code and programs. As part of the management team members I have realized that my role in this is to support the ethical conduct of the workers and the organization. This therefore entails two major responsibilities. The first is to lead the employees by example and promoting ethical values that the company will be proud of. Second, as part of the management, I have to be the enforcer of the ethical standards and a whistle-blower in the event that unethical behavior is observed. Essentially, allowing it to take place or turning a blind eye to such actions would greatly demean the principles that the company was founded. Subtopic 2: The Interplay of Personal Values and Ethical Standards Description of Concrete Experience: with my experience at ATT as the Access Network Engineer, I learnt that the relationship between the company’s ethical standards and the personal values was a question of morality where behavior is guided by certain standards and expectations. With the workplaces being a source of livelihood for so many and also helps to satisfy the feeling of self actualization, personal character is very important. Workplaces offer a reason and a way of behavior and standard of life and therefore this virtue sustains morality and has to be adhered to even at workplace. I appreciate that though the organization throughout the management team sets the standards to be followed by the rest of the organization, the choice to follow these ethics is entirely a person choice. A person cannot be compelled to make an otherwise choice but this can only be expected and explained. Facing disciplinary measures works to reduce the choice of unethical character. In essence, I welcome the fact that my workplaces is composed of a cluster of individuals and therefore a collection of various personalities with a range of attitudes and characters which in most cases can dilute the set standard ethics. The course of action that a person takes to violate or obey the ethical standards differs depending on personality and such decisions have accountability and responsibility. This responsibility is individual and each person assumes the responsibility of breaching th e organizational expectation. I support the fact that the company’s rules require that employees take individual responsibilities for their action instead of collective accountability.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reflection: I have realized with my experience at ATT that the personal values of every employee played a great role in the determination of the workplace ethics. Simple virtues like loyalty, honesty and accountability n help to shape the workplace environment. These characteristics help to build the business’s literacy hence helping in the addressing of the real problems in more efficient ways. Even though every individual’s personal ethics may be very different from each other, all these personal value matter when making the companies ethical standards. Because of these differences, each employee has to be included in one ethical program with one goal. The determination of right and wrong or good and bad are issues that my thought alone cannot decide but the power of perception of the company’s employee. All these perceptions are based on evolution which is in turn rooted in ethical theories. I believe that ethics standards should be followed despite the reas on behind is because ethics constitute moral accountabilities. Generalization/Principles/Theories: from experience, I realized that ethics entail the ability to make rational and morally correct choices where I am able to feel good about myself and the benefits that come from it. These choices have to be the right choices. Basically, the right choice which constitute a bigger part of the organizational ethics are derived from the basic golden rules like do not steal, do not bear false witness or the major one that says that you to other what you would expect them to do to you. I know that people always struggle to keep these rules as ethics is considered as the part that is related to private life. However, sometimes there is a problem of being required to do what is good for the business stakeholders at the expense of personal values. I believe that personal ethics have a lot to do with personal leadership values. And as important as the ethical standards are, I need to understand as much about ethical leadership as I can so as to align personal values and the ethical standards. This can make it easy for the rest of the employees to adhere to the standards. Testing and Application: I have always supported the promotion of individuals based on their capability of contributing to the company goals to that in can perform above and beyond the expectations. This is because certain individual have a greater sense of personal values and my perception has been that through their performance, the individuals demonstrate ability to be effective in the next level; the management. Nonetheless, the transformation of the idea of doing the job oneself into leading a team to do the work requires personal expertise in workplace ethics. Subtopic 3: The Interplay of Professional Responsibilities and Ethical Standards Description of Concrete Experience: as a manager, it is very important that one adhered to the ethical standards and the professional responsibilities that come with holding a particular position or attain certain level of expertise. This will prevent an individual from not promising or implying agreement to certain practices that are contrary to the professional ethics or the ethical expectations of the organization. I appreciate that the code of professional conduct is very essential for any profession as it guide the employees in fulfilling their professional responsibilities. This therefore brings about the idea of accountability and responsibility for the expert employees. In any profession, it’s the responsibilities of the professional to maintain ethical standards which are normally in line with the ethical standards. Since when I was a junior employee, I observed that the professionals in management positions developed maintained and supported very high standards of professional competence that was expected to be followed by the rest. I realized the major goal was to protect the public from any substandard services or produ cts that did not meet the international best standards. From that, I accepted that as one of the managers, I will be responsible and accountable for the professional actions that failed to meet the least ethical standards. Reflection: with professional qualifications comes a greater responsibility of what happens at work. As such I am able to accept my limitation in profession qualification by limiting my practice to areas where I am competent enough as per my education, training, confidence of supervisor and professional requirements. I understand that professional ethics require that the responsibilities be carried out based on established scientific or professional skills and knowledge of that particular job. Professional ethics also require that I should maintain recent competency my area of expertise by continued professional development and consultation as well as other means of conforming to the current professional standard. This concerns, lead me into studying ethical lead ership to be updated on the current ethical environment. Professional responsibilities are integrated in the ethics standards so that they have the same goals. This is because in order to execute professional responsibilities, the professional have to use professionally accepted process and that the job being carried out should be acceptable by the normal societal moral standards Generalization/Principles/Theories: professional code is almost in every profession to guide professional workers how they conduct their responsibilities on daily basis. I have over the past 11 years given it a critical though as to why there is need to have the code when all the professionals receives the same kind of training for the profession. I came to understand that, practicing any particular profession was not that easy. Basically, no profession usually wants to begin being unethical purposively but rather it is an issue of juggling some options at once and in an attempt to honestly trying to meet some of the job obligation, one can sincerely fail to know the best way forward. I can now confirm that one of the major challenges that professional face is the impasse of conflicting loyalties. Professional code offers the systematic model of dealing with such conflicts that a person may face when acting in a professional capacity since he/she still wears other hats. The professional responsibility is designed on the precepts of the instinctive concept of moral wrong and right conduct which is the basis of the ethical standards but in works beyond that. Professional are expected to offer services beyond the normal routine tasks and demonstrate greater ethical values based on their training and requirement if their disciplines. Testing and Application: professional responsibility is the expectations of the profession workers are indicated by shared values where the prescription of the right course of action is based. As a result, the codes share similar principles with the moral theory meaning that professional code symbolizes good moral precepts with internal constancy. Basically, what is right for me can be right for any other person all the time or most of the times. Professional code and moral standards all seek to answer the question ‘how am I expected to behave?’, but ethical standards leaves room for expectations while professional standards have a guide of what has to be done. Basically, in an attempt to clarify what constitutes right and wrong in ht professional practice, codes of conduct are in most cases a combination of the Utilitarian and the Deontological theories of ethical behavior. I practically support the use of professional responsibility that is in line with ethical standards because they combine deontology by prescribing what to do like the principles to follow. At the same time, the code has utilitarian impression by suggesting that everyone stand to benefit when we all observed the same moral standards. Subtopic 4: A Mo del for Ethical Decision-Making Description of Concrete Experience: during my first days in the management team after I had been promoted to the management position, I faced some situations that require my sound judgment and rational decision making skills. Being in a position to correctly determine the next course of action was a great challenge for me especially on issues that seemed to have some dilemma. In order to be able to face my challenges, I did not want to entirely on others people’s opinions and advice so I took the ethical leadership course. In this course, I have come to understand the standard guide for ethical decision making. The guide offered me a structure of rational decision making in an internationally accepted fashion. The process of decision making entails seven steps. Reflection: there are basically five moral principles that are considered to be the keystone of the ethical standards and decision making. The guidelines do not often address all the c ircumstances that I was forced to tackle. However, I found out that constant review of the ethical principles which basically form the basis of the professional code assists in clarification of the matters that touch on particular situations. These five principles include beneficence, justice, fidelity, nonmaleficence and autonomy and they are utter certainties in and of themselves. Exploration of any ethical dilemma with consideration of these principles allows better comprehension of the conflicting issues. When assessing an ethical dilemma, as a person in the management position and required to make a decision, I mostly explored the situation and related it on the above concepts. Sometimes, this alone enabled me to clarify the matters enough that resolving the dilemma was easy and therefore faster decision making. However, some cases have always been very intricate hence requiring strict work through of the seven steps of ethical decision process and assessment of the possible moral conflicts. Generalization/Principles/Theories: with regard to the ethical issues, there is a stepwise model that has been devised to guide practitioners in solving ethical dilemmas. The model draws ideas from a number of writers hence creating a practical, stepwise approach for decision making. For me, using a sequential process to reach decision made it easy to collect facts and reason on a structured concept hence allowing me to reach informed and rational decision. The steps include; Problem identification Supplication of the relevant code of ethics to the matter or situation Determination of the type and nature of the problem Generating a number of possible courses of action as alternatives Weighing the alternatives and choosing one course of action Evaluating the chosen course of action for feasibility Implementing the selected course of action in the organization Progressive thinking has demonstrated that there is never one solution to complex ethical dilemmas therefor e different professional can utilize different means of reaching a decision. However, the use of this model assured me that I was going to give a professional explanation for my decisions. Testing and Application: according to the type of activities and decisions that I undertook at the job, I discovered that ethical behavior at times was arbitrary. I could be behaving ethically responsible when I upheld personal and professional honesty coupled with the best interests of the company customers at heart, without malice or mischievous personal gains. All these compounded by the fact that I could offer justification of my actions as being the best judgment of what ought to have been done as required by my professional expertise and position at ATT. Subtopic 5: Practical Implications of Ethical Decisions Description of Concrete Experience: one crucial question that has lingered my mind is that why shouldn’t I just follow my conscience, act good and do a good job without making e thic a big deal. I have learnt that leading an ethical life while in business in a very tough job and at times it gets very complex. There are a number of companies that have failed to hope for the best and focused on the maximization of profits. I agree that only a well-argued and all-inclusive set of ethical code or values that are designed to address a number of emerging ethical dilemmas, meticulously monitored by management can help to steer clear of a threatening disaster. Currently, the ethical dilemmas are not about basic moral issues like stealing or lying to the boss, but a matter of moral standards based on personal values and the elemental ground rules of how people should behave at workplace. Each decision comes with a consequence which is either a reward or punishment depending of the underlying principles governing the profession. Reflection: there have been some moments when I have had to determine the correct ethical thing to do depending on the circumstance at hand . It is pertinent to take the ethical guidelines seriously, because, these current guidelines could develop into laws in future. Ethics course has been very beneficial in helping me to fins my way through some ethical dilemmas where there is no clear legal explanation. There has never been a very opportune moment to emphasize law in business like in today’s society. In the past, some companies have used unethical dealings to make profits for their companies and have faced the law because of their fraudulent activities. Despite the perception that ethics at ATT is hortatory instead of mandatory, contravening ethical standards is a serious offense that can attract even life imprisonment depending on the magnitude. To enhance ethical decisions, there is the legal sanction or consequences and voluntary compliance option. Failing making ethical decisions that infringe the required standards attract punishment from tougher laws and other negative consequences that can affect busi ness like defaming its reputation. However, compliance can draw benefits like government support, good reputation and image. Generalization/Principles/Theories: to some extent, I can define the driving force for the continued adherence to the ethical standards in workplaces has been the fear of the law. Basically is one acts in breach of the law, he or she can end up in jail. Ethical decisions implication especially adherence or compliance is a show of respect, integrity and accountability on the part of an individual and the organization at large. However, I view contravention of ethics as irresponsible behavior full of malice, greed and guile. However, it’s totally difficult to keep the vice out of an organization because these habits are usually suppressed but surfaces when there is an opportunity to be exploited. There many intrinsic benefits that are linked to ethics. When a company implements rational ethical decisions, then it will benefit by building good behavior a mong workers, creating a positive image, strengthening and reinforcing its teamwork, developing credible work guideline and promoting diversity awareness and appreciation. Testing and Application: I believe the best way of attracting the best talent and experienced workers is to have a clear assertion of the moral and professional standards we follow and the role that these standards play when it comes to making decisions. I think we should have a clearly stated moral concept detailing good and bad or wrong and right and how they interact with certain ethical contexts especially responsibilities and obligation. It should highlight how one is expected to behave when faced with ethical dilemma. To that end, I am certain that it will be meaningful to draft ethical guidelines or a statement for ATT probably with the updated mission statement to explain the basis on which the company operates. I am also convinced that it would be beneficial to ensure that all workers understand the typ e consequences one might face or enjoy following a particular decision on professional ethics. Subtopic 6: Conflicts of Values/Ethical Dilemmas Description of Concrete Experience: in many organizations despite how hard the managers try to handle them, ethical issues always seem to crop up. Sometimes it may seem that the managers have solved problem when it oftentimes reappears. I think that an ethical dilemma is always experienced when a person is faced with a situation that presents two possible right options but require different reaction. These clashes can be simple and straightforward or sometimes they can be very complicated requiring the intervention of professional ethics regulatory bodies. In the cases where the views of an individual and the standard ethics conflict, it is usually the inability of pursuing one of the option which seem to be good. The critical aspects of ethical dilemma include being in a position to perform only one action and not both even when one is abl e to perform each of them. The person charged with responsibility of making the decisions is condemned to ethical failure on one of the options despite the course of action taken. Basically its failure when we are unable to do something that we have the ability to do and ought to have done it. Nonetheless, there are cases when one ethical option overrides the other. Reflection: I believe that conflict of values in the organization cannot be waved away like they are nonexistence, ethical leadership, therefore entails learning to restructure the problems as dilemmas. As an ethical leader, I will be required to pursue acquisition if virtue and not only the character. The organization expects that I will be in a position to have an abiding interest to forged common goal and a set of values among competing factions without making them subservient. Because a number of alternative present ethical dilemmas and conflict of values despite the course of action a leader may chose, I envisage t hat there will be remorse, shame and regret among employees. These strong emotions definitely figure outstandingly in an ethical dilemma and this is so because the leaders responsible for making decision must forfeit one value over the other. These negative feeling are usually associated with a person doing something wrong and she/he should bear responsibility and it’s this type of feeling that cause mixed perception of right and wrong. Generalization/Principles/Theories: based from the negative feeling that some people may show when they resent the decision made about conflicting values I believe that ethical dilemma is harmful to the organization. It is possible for a leader to wonder whether there is a problem when it is in fact very obvious to outsiders. When there is harm, it calls for accountability and in most cases it’s the leaders who are held responsible for any damage caused. Human beings can cause serious emotional expression but they are not based on the degree of ethical responsibility. Nonetheless, the emotional response causes the leaders to be more cautious and sensitive when making decisions that seem to be at a stalemate. Looking at conflict of values and ethical dilemmas as a standoff can allow the managers to build organization that is string and founded on shared values and good personal relations. Instead of being demoralized there can be a compromise. Testing and Application: I have seen ethical dilemmas emerge from the personal values that conflict directly with the set standards of the organization. Organizations are able to manage their ethical environment by hiring workers who posses values that match their own. Some companies even try to measure the values of workers during the recruitment process as such try to select employees who fit in the ethical program of the organization. Poor matching can be costly to the organization as it can directly lead to crises like low job satisfaction, job turn over and poor perfo rmance. This essay on Introduction to Applied Professional Ethics was written and submitted by user Mr. Bumpo to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

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Exclusion of Data Records from Documents of Web ABSTRACT: Ranking is tremendously significant in information retrieval. Most information on web is unstructured text in natural languages, as well as extracting information from natural language text is extremely hard. A lot of current effort has focused on obtaining knowledge from structured information on web, especially from web tables. But most significantly, title of a top-k page frequently evidently disclose context, which makes page interpretable as well as extractable. Rather than focusing on structured data as well as ignoring context, we spotlight on context that we can recognize, and then we make use of context to interpretless controlled or approximately free-text information, and direct its extraction. We spotlight on a prosperous as well as expensive source of information on web, which we describe top-k web pages. Top-k lists contain additional significant and appealing circumstance, and are additional probable to be helpful in search, as well as previous interactive systems. Unl ike web tables, which hold a set of items, items within a top-k list is typically ranked consistent with a principle described by title of top-k page. There are quite a lot of reasons to make use of the page title to recognize a top-k page. Top-K Ranker ranks candidate set as well as picks top ranked list as top-k list by a score function which is a subjective sum of two. Keywords: Top-k page, Web pages, Unstructured text, Ranking, Information extraction. 1. INTRODUCTION: World Wide Web is an enormous and speedily mounting repository of information. There are a variety of objects embedded in statically as well as energetically made Web pages. Web services moreover are used to respond exact conjunctive queries, which require quite a lot of search on Web and unite across them, if done physically by means of a search engine. In the earlier period,  information extraction was used on minute harmonized corpora. Accordingly, conventional information extraction systems are capable to rely on weighty linguistic technology tuned to domain of attention. These systems were not intended to extent comparative to the extent of corpus or number of associations removed, while parameters were unchanging and diminutive. A lot of current effort has focused on obtaining knowledge from structured information on web, especially from web tables. Consequently, understanding context is tremendously important in information extraction. Regrettably, in the majority of cases, context is conveyed in unstructured text that machines are unable to interpret. In the majority cases, description is in natural language text which is not unswervingly machined interpretable, even though the explanation has the similar format for different items. But most significantly, title of a top-k page frequently evidently disclose context, which makes page interpretable as well as extractable. We mark top-k pages in support of information extraction for reasons such as: Top-k data on web is large as well as rich. The top-k information is moreover prosperous in terms of content obtained for every item in list. Top-k data is of high superiority and it is normally cleaner than previous forms of data on web. Most data on web is in free text, which is tough to interpret. Web tables are structured, however merely an extremely minute percentage of them enclose meaningful as well as useful information. On the contrary top-k pages contain a general style: the page title hold the numb er as well as concept of items in list. Every item is considered as an example of page title, and numeral of items has to be equal to number stated in title. 2. METHODOLOGY: Most information on web is unstructured text in natural languages, as well as extracting information from natural language text is extremely hard. Some information on web exists in controlled or else semi-structured forms. It is true that entire number of web tables is enormous in entire corpus, however only an extremely minute percentage of them hold helpful information. There are a variety of objects embedded in statically as well as energetically made Web pages. An even lesser percentage of them contain information interpretable devoid of context. Rather than focusing on structured data as well as ignoring context, we spotlight on context that we can recognize, and then we make use of context to interpretless controlled or approximately free-text information, and direct its extraction. We spotlight on a prosperous as well as expensive source of information on web, which we describe top-k web pages. the proposed system which includes components: such as Title Classifier, which effo rt to be familiar with page title of input webpage; Candidate Picker, which take out the entire prospective top-k lists from page body like candidate lists; Top-K Ranker, which score every candidate list as well as picks most excellent one; Content Processor, which post process take out list to additionally make attribute values. Atop-k web page explains k items of meticulous interest. We build up a system that takes out top-k lists from a web corpus that holds billions of pages. Top-k lists enclose rich as well as expensive information. Especially compared with web tables, top-k lists enclose a well-built quantity of data, which is of superior quality. Top-k lists contain additional significant and appealing circumstance, and are additional probable to be helpful in search, as well as previous interactive systems. Unlike web tables, which hold a set of items, items within a top-k list is typically ranked consistent with a principle described by title of top-k page. Ranking is treme ndously significant in information retrieval. Fig1: An overview of system representation. 3. EXTRACTION OF INFORMATION FROM TOP-K WEB PAGES: The block diagram shown in fig1 reveals the proposed system which includes components: such as Title Classifier, which effort to be familiar with page title of input webpage; Candidate Picker, which take out the entire prospective top-k lists from page body like candidate lists; Top-K Ranker, which score every candidate list as well as picks most excellent one; Content Processor, which post process take out list to additionally make attribute values. The top-k information is moreover prosperous in terms of content obtained for every item in list. Top-k data is of high superiority and it is normally cleaner than previous forms of data on web. The title of web page helps us recognize a top-k page. There are quite a lot of reasons to make use of the page title to recognize a top-k page. For the majority cases, page titles provide to bring in topic of the main body. While the page body may possibly have diverse as well as complex formats, top-k page title includes comparatively comparabl e structure. Title examination is lightweight and well-organized. If title examination indicates that a page is not a top-k page, we choose to pass over this page. This is significant if system has to extent towards billions of web pages. A web page by a top-k title might not contain a top-k list. Candidate Picker step take out one or additional list structures which become visible to be top-k lists from a prearranged page. A top-k candidate has to first and for mainly be a list concerning k items, visually, it have to be provided as k vertically or else horizontally aligned standard patterns. While structurally, it is obtainable as a list of HTML nodes by identical tag path which is path from root node towards a convinced tag node, which is presented as a succession of tag names. Top-K Ranker ranks candidate set as well as picks top ranked list as top-k list by a score function which is a subjective sum of two. Subsequent to getting top-k list, we take out attribute or value pairs for every item from description of item in list. 4. CONCLUSION: Web services moreover are used to respond exact conjunctive queries, which require quite a lot of search on Web and unite across them, if done physically by means of a search engine. Conventional information extraction systems are capable to rely on weighty linguistic technology tuned to domain of attention which were not intended to extent comparative to the extent of corpus or number of associations removed, while parameters were unchanging and diminutive. In the majority cases, description is in natural language text which is not unswervingly machined interpretable, even though the explanation has the similar format for different items. Web tables are structured, however merely an extremely minute percentage of them enclose meaningful as well as useful information. Some information on web exists in controlled or else semi-structured forms. It is true that entire number of web tables is enormous in entire corpus, however only an extremely minute percentage of them hold helpful info rmation. spotlight on a prosperous as well as expensive source of information on web, which we describe top-k web pages. We build up a system that takes out top-k lists from a web corpus that holds billions of pages. While the page body may possibly have diverse as well as complex formats, top-k page title includes comparatively comparable structure. Top-k lists enclose rich as well as expensive information. The top-k information is moreover prosperous in terms of content obtained for every item in list. Top-k data is of high superiority and it is normally cleaner than previous forms of data on web.

Things Fall Apart Essay examples -- essays research papers

Things Fall Apart   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chinua Achebe?s Things Fall Apart is a narrative story that follows the life of an African man called Okonkwo. The setting of the book is in eastern Nigeria, on the eve of British colonialism in Africa. The novel illustrates Okonkwo?s struggles, triumphs, and his eventual downfall, all of which basically coincide with the Igbo?s society?s struggle with the Christian religion and British government. In this essay I will give a biographical account of Okonwo, which will serve to help understand that social, political, and economic institutions of the Igbos.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At the beginning of the novel Okonkwo was a fairly wealthy and well-respected member of the Igbo society, but it had not always been that way for him. Okonkwo?s father, Unoka, had been a lazy man who would rather play his flute than take care of his crops. Unoka was said to be a charming man, and was able to borrow large amounts of money from his friends, but was never able to pay it back. As a result, Okonkwo has grown up very poor and ashamed of his lazy father. At one point in the book, Okonkwo remembers hearing one of his playmates calling his father an ?agbala,? which was the word for woman, but all described a man who had taken not titles (13). Okonkwo never forgets this, and actually develops a deep-seated fear that people will think that he is weak like his father. As I mentioned, Okonkwo became very well known, and his wealth and prestige rested solely on his own personal achievements. Okonkwo had received no inheritance from his poor father, no land and no money. As a young man, Okonkwo had been very successful wrestler, and as he grew older he became a well-known warrior. He was said to have brought home five human heads, which was a great achievement even for men who were much older that he was. At the beginning of the story, Okonkwo had obtained two titles, and had the respect of every man from all nine villages of Umuofia. Symbols of his wealth and prestige were his family and his compound. As I mentioned earlier, Okonwo had received no inheritance, and at the time of this story Okonkwo is still fairly young, and the fact that he had three wives, several children, and a very productive piece of land showed that Okonkwo was a very diligent worker. ?Okonkwo ruled his household with a heavy hand. His wives, especially... ... a meeting, Okonkwo, knowing that his clansmen would do nothing to drive the white men away form their villages, killed a messenger. He then went home and committed suicide.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Okonkwo is often described as being similar to characters in Greek tragedies. Okonkwo knew that the end of his clan was coming, and that they would do nothing to prevent it from happening. He took his life out of desperation. He had struggled his whole life to become a respected member of his community, and suddenly his world is turned upside down and changed forever because of an accident. Okonkwo sees that he is fighting a losing battle, so he quits. Suicide was one of the biggest offenses that could be committed against the earth, and Okonkwo?s own clansmen could not bury him. Okonkwo?s death symbolizes the end of patriarchy in Umuofia. The last page of the book is from the point of view of the white Commissioner, who notes that he wants to include a paragraph on Okonkwo?s life in his book entitled The Pacification of the Primitive Tribes of Lower Niger. Okonkwo?s struggles, triumphs and defeats are all reduced to a paragraph, much like his culture and society will be reduced.

Comfort Theory Research Paper

I chose this scenario which is appropriate for the application of Kolcaba’s Comfort theory: You are a nurse on an inpatient oncology unit. Your patient is a 72-year-old competent male who has been told his cancer is terminal and that further treatment is unlikely to have any benefit. He accepts that and would like to explore hospice. However, his two adult children insist that he should continue chemotherapy and fight on and they tell you not to discuss with him or get a consult for hospice. Specific Concepts of the Theory In order to address this scenario I used the middle range theory of Comfort and its specific concepts. This paper aims to describe the Comfort Theory, its application to the health care setting and areas for potential research and its relevance to the health care system. Comfort is an immediate desirable outcome that leads to excellent care in the nursing profession. Comfort is a vital part of the treatment and recovery of patients. Comfort is a cause of relief from discomfort, a state of ease and peaceful satisfaction, a state of comfort and whatever makes life pleasurable. (Kolcaba & Kolcaba, 1991). This theory addresses the most relevant issues in the nursing kingdom. Using this theory not just for patients, but for nurses will improve recruitment and retention rates of skilled health care professionals. Providing comfort is a necessity in the care of clients on inpatient oncologic unit. Currently, comfort is being viewed as a last result for terminally ill patients and not used as a standard hospital protocol or prophylactically to improve client’s health status. The main purpose of Comfort Theory is to improve patient’s satisfaction and outcomes as well as improve institutional integrity. As a middle range theory, Comfort theory is practically based and an be used in direct response to this specific clinical scenario that we as the advanced nurse practitioner will participate. (Peterson & Bredow, 2009). Overview of the Theory and Utility in Nursing Practice The theory of Comfort can be utilized to guide and enhance nursing practice. In her theory she describes holistic comfort in three different forms: relief, ease and transcendence as the immediate experience of being strengthened by having these necessary forms in four contexts: physical, psycho-spiritual, socio-cultural which incorporate cultural traditions and family, and environmental. Goodwin, Sener & Steiner, 2007). Relief is when the patient has had a comfort need met. Ease is defined as a state of contentment, and transcendence is a state of comfort in which clients are able to rise above their challenges. (March & McCormack, 2009). The psycho-spiritual context refers to comfort of one’s identity, sexuality, self esteem and any other spiritual relationship with a higher being. Socio-cultural comfort arises from interpersonal and societal relationships along with family. (Kolcaba, Tilton & Drouin, 2006). The author created a taxonomic structure of three types of comfort integrated with the four contexts of experience, into a 12?cell grid. The grid is useful for assessing patient’s needs, planning interventions and evaluating their effectiveness, and helps to contribute to the understanding and utility of the theory. (Peterson & Bredow, 2009). Kolcaba’s proposes that when clients and family members feel more comfortable, they will engage in more health seeking behaviors which include internal and external behaviors and a peaceful death. Internal behaviors occur at the cellular level, such as immune functioning. External behaviors refer to activities of daily living and health maintenance programs. When patients and family members are engaging in more health seeking behaviors as a result of increased comfort due to interventions, members of the health care team will be more content, will ultimately perform better and improve institutional outcomes such as reduced costs of care, reduced length of stay, enhanced financial stability and increased patient satisfaction. (Peterson and Bredow, 2009). Regarding the relevance to nursing practice, comfort is a positive outcome that is linked to an increase in health seeking behaviors and to positive institutional outcomes (Kolcaba & DiMarco, 2005). Nurses are constantly utilizing the comfort mechanisms and try to move patients towards the transcendence phase. Psychospiritual needs include teaching confidence and motivation through discomfort. Ways that nurses can implement comfort measures are through massage, allowing visitation, caring touch and continued encouragement (Kolcaba & DiMarco, 2005). Sociocultural comfort needs are the needs for cultural sensitive reassurance and positive body language. Nurses can provide these needs through coaching, encouragement, and explaining procedures. Nurses can help patients achieve the environmental comfort by lowering the lights, closing the doors, interrupting sleep minimally and limiting loud noise around the patients rooms (Kolcaba & DiMarco, 2005). Nurses document patient’s states before and after the use of comfort measures to verify if they are improving or worsening the client’s condition. Nurses knowing a patient’s condition can provide comfort measures to prevent negative outcomes. If a patient is requesting hospice care, a nurse may be aware of the possibility of achieve this goal. If the nurse notices an increase in pain, facial grimacing and anxiety, the nurse may realize that he should make some arrangements for hospice care. The nurse could also provide massage, guided imagery or other interventions based on the type of terminal cancer and intensity of the pain. Being able to determine when comfort measures are useful is vital to improving the quality of patient care. When patients are more comfortable, they are more likely to engage in health seeking behaviors, and to comply with medications and exercise regimes, increased compliance with prescribed diets and more peaceful deaths when palliative care is the appropriate goal. (March & McCormack, 2009). When patients increase their health seeking behaviors, nurses are more satisfied and improve their quality of care which increases the institutional integrity, and enhances the care of all health care professionals. Meaning of the Theory I think the theory means that the role of nursing includes the assessment of comfort needs, the design of comfort actions to address those requirements, and the re-evaluation of comfort levels after accomplishment. In the model of Comfort, nursing is described as the process of assessing the patient's comfort requirements, developing and implementing suitable plans of care, and evaluating the client's comfort after the care plans have been approved. Nursing Appraisal can be objective, such as the inspection of the pale skin in our competent male client with cancer, or subjective, such as asking if he is comfortable. The Theory of Comfort considers patients to be individuals, families, institutions, or communities in need of health care. The environment can be manipulated by a nurse or loved one in order to enhance comfort. In my opinion this theory is one of the fastest growing areas of current nursing theory improvement, and the most promising. The comfort theory can be applied to patients of all ages, cultures backgrounds, or communities. It is also applicable to patients in the hospital, clinic or home. I believe that comfort is a positive concept and is associated with activities that nurture and fortify clients. Review of the Research The Comfort theory has been tested in many settings, used as a basis of study and evaluated in several researches. It is necessary for this theory to be in the forefront of health care and research because it can greatly enhance patient outcomes. Though it has not necessarily been tested in all of these areas, it can be used to enhance any person’s health status in any practice setting. The nurse researcher employing this theory will find it very useful because of its ease of application. The researcher can take this theory and apply it to whatever setting and it is easily tested with a variety of instruments including, General Comfort Questionnaire, Shortened General Comfort Questionnaire, Visual Analogue Scales and Comfort Behavior Checklists. It provides direction for performance review, outcomes research and quality improvement (Kolcaba, Tilton & Drouin, 2006). As a middle range theory it has fewer concepts and propositions than a grand theory, is easily testable, easily applicable and interpreted and more narrow in scope. The theory has a low level of abstraction. This theory is still in early development. Concepts, propositions, and outcomes of comfort are operationalized easily using the taxonomic structure of comfort. The theory is still being tested and applied to a wider institutional approach. Because Kolcaba’s theory has still not been adapted in all of the researched settings, the benefits and outcomes are currently just speculated. Research of this theory is ongoing and constantly evolving. The theory is broad in scope because it can be applied to a variety of patient settings and patients of all ages and backgrounds. The theory can be viewed as being narrow in scope because it focuses solely on patient and families. However, it is easily extrapolated to other areas of practice. Once this occurs, the theory will be mainly viewed as being broad in scope. Researchers can test the benefits of comfort on learning. This theory does not necessarily have to involve just health care settings; it can be implemented in any field with any member of the health care team (Goodwin, Sener & Steiner, 2007). Her theory is easily interpreted and applicable to patient settings. A traditional goal of nursing has been to attend to patient comfort. Patients expect this from nurses and give them credit when comfort is delivered. Through deliberate actions of nurses, patients receive what they need and want from their nurses. The theory provides directionality for nursing practice because it provides measurable outcomes. However, the author mainly provides examples of comfort measures and how these work in the hospital. The author also relates comfort measures to improving health?seeking behaviors and benefiting institutions and institutional integrity. The theory addresses comfort and how it can improve patient outcomes, but fails to expand adequately on how these comfort measures can be used outside of the hospital setting. Many researchers are taking the Comfort Theory and extrapolating it to be useful in other health care settings. Comfort theory tested by nursing research all the relationships between nursing interventions, patient comfort, health seeking behaviors and institutional integrity. Finally the theory include all health care providers and implemented as an institution-wide framework for practice. (Peterson & Bredow, 2009). Applications of the Theory and Solutions for the Scenario I apply the theory and developed specific solutions for the issues that are raised in the scenario: It is significant to specify if nurses and other health care providers implement this theory into their practice, patient outcomes will significantly improve. This theory will not only enhance patient results, but it will help prevent imminent medical problems. We as a nurse assess the physical, psychospiritual, sociocultural and environmental needs of the clients, for example looking at deficits in the physiological mechanisms of this very ill patient due to an inoperable cancer. Some physical comfort needs that can be treated without medications include pain, vomiting, anxiety and weakness. We can use different interventions to help alleviate these problems and increase patient satisfaction. The theory describes nursing practice as being holistic, humanistic and needs related. It describes different nursing interventions intended to promote comfort for the patients provided by nurses. This theory differentiates nursing from other health related disciplines by demonstrating the different types of comforting measures provided by the health care team. There is a role play in seeking the client’s comfort by all members caring for the patient, including the client himself seeking his relief in a hospice once he attain the comfort level desired through participating in his quick recovery and exploring for a hospice. In this scenario, it will be the role of the nurses to help the client to achieve the desired comfort level by teaching the family members related to the convenience of the hospice care. We will explain the necessity of stop the chemotherapy. Lack of teaching in this extreme case may result to lack of comfort and lack of peace in the event of terminal illness and death. These solutions lead to recovery at a faster pace. It is crucial the provision of good environment to ensure that the client receives plenty comfort for his recovery. Therefore, the nurse play the leading role of identifying the client’s comfort needs, and design interventions to address those needs. With certain comfort level the client acquires strength to participate in health seeking behaviors and if not, encounter peaceful death. If specific comfort needs of a patient are met, the patient experiences relief and comfort, for example, a patient who receives pain medication in an inpatient oncologic unit. Ease addresses comfort in a state of contentment. For example, the patient's concerns of hospice care are addressed. Positive outcomes are achieved through the cooperation of all parties involved. The client should be cooperative to gain the desired energy in a comfortable manner, or die in a peaceful way due to his comfort level, if death occurs. Conclusions about Usefulness of the theory in Nursing Practice Kolcaba’s middle range theory of Comfort is applicable to all areas of the healthcare field and other nursing situations since it is currently patient and family centered. The theory is formulated to provide guidance for everyday practice and scholarly research rooted in the nursing education comforting the learner or student in an educational environment. This theory was created to guide for the assessment, dimension, and appraisal of patient comfort. There are a lot of benefits we can get in learning and applying Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort as it promotes understanding and collaboration between health care team members addressing the current shortage in health care team. In addition, it will improve societal acceptance of the health institution and increase patient satisfaction. (March & McCormack, 2009) It is important to denote the application of it to an institution wide approach. I consider a limitation that Kolcaba restricts the use of interventions to provide comfort as a function of nurses. It is focused on a limited dimension of the reality of nursing. (March & McCormack, 2009). In the role of providing comfort, the nurses need to meet the basic physical, psychosocial and spiritual human needs throughout client comprehension to their experience. Theory of Comfort has a real potential to direct the work and thinking of all health care providers within one institution since, it appears that the comfort is always present in all culture and appropriate universal goal for healthcare. It is a middle-range theory for health practice, education, and research. (Malinowski & Stamler, 2002).

Chapter 6 Solution Ops Management Essay

Chapter 6 Solution Ops Management Essay Chapter 6 Solution Ops Management Essay CHAPTER 6 PROCESS DESIGN AND Facility LAYOUT Answers to Problems 1. Longest task = 2.4 minutes Total task times = 18 minutes OT = 450 minutes per day a. Minimum cycle time = length of longest task, which is 2.4 minutes. a. Maximum cycle time = ï â€œ task times = 18 minutes.CT = 450 / 180 = 2.50 minutes per unit N = 18 / 2.5 = 7.2, round to 8 b.b. CT = 450 / 125 = 3.6 minutes per unit Range of output: e. c i. output = 450 / 9 = 50 units per day ii. output = 450 / 15 = 30 units per day 2. Desired output = 33.33 units per hour Operating time = 60 minutes per hour CT = Operating time = 60 minutes per hr. = 1.80 82 minutes per unit Desired output 33.33 units per hr. a. Station Time left Eligible Will fit Assign (time) Idle 1 1.82 0.42 a b a a (1.4) 0.42 2 1.82 1.32 0.52 b c, d, e c, d b c, d, e b (0.5) e* (0.8) 0.52 3 1.82 1.12 0.52 .02 c, d c, g g, f g c, d c, g f d* (0.7) c** (0.6) f (0.5) .02 4 1.82 0.82 0.32 g h g h g (1.0) h (0.5) 0.32 1.28 * is tied in no. of followers, but is longer(longest) ** has more followers b. Efficiency = 1 – [1.28 / 4(1.82)] = .82 or 82%. 3. Desired output = 4 units per hour Operating time = 56 minutes per hour CT = Operating time = 56 minutes per hr. = 14 minutes per unit Desired output 4 units per hr. a. Station Time left Eligible Will fit Assign (time) Idle 1 14 9 6 a, d, f a, d, g b, d, g a, d, f a, d, g b, g f* (5) a** (3) g* (6) 0 2 14 7 5 1 b, d b, e c, e c b, d b, e c, e d* (7) b** (2) e*** (4) 1 3 14 10 1 c h i c h c (4) h (9) 1 4 14 9 i i i (5) 9 11 * is tied for no. of followers, but is longer (longest) ** has more (most) no. of followers *** tied in no. of followers and time; choose randomly b. Efficiency = 1 – Total idle time = 1 – 11 = 80.4% CT x no. of stations 14(4) 1. CT = 1.3 minutes per unit Time [no. followers] .3 [3] a. i .2 [4] .4 [3] 1.3 [2] 1.2 [0] .1[3] .8[2] .3[1] a. ii Station Time left Eligible Will fit Assign (time) Idle time 1 1.3 a, c, e a, c, e a* (.2) 1.1 b, c, e b, c, e b** (.4) .7 c, e c, e c** (.3) .4 d, e e e (.1) .3 d, f 0.3 2 1.3 d, f d, f d** (1.3) 0.0 f 0.0 3 1.3 f f f (.8) .5 g g g (.3) .2 h 0.2 4 1.3 h h h (1.2) 0.1 0.1 0.6 * most followers ** tied in no. of followers, but longer (longest) a. iii Percentage idle time: ï â€œ(idle time) = .6 = 11.5% N Ãâ€" CT 4(1.3) a. iv Output: OT = 420 min./day = 323.1 units/day CT 1.3 min./unit b. i. Total time = 4.6 min., CT = Total time = 4.6 = 2.3 minutes. N 2 Assign a, b, c, d, and e to workstation 1: 2.3 minutes Assign f, g, and h to workstation 2: 2.3 minutes ii. Percentage idle time = 0 iii. Output = OT = 420 = 182.6 units per day. CT 2.3 5. Output rate = 240 units per eight-hour day a. b. CT = OT = 480 min/day = 2 minutes per unit output 240 units/day c. N = ï â€œt = 4.6 = 2.3 (round up to 3) workstations CT 2.0 d. Station Time Left Eligible Will Fit Assign (time) Idle time 1 2 a, c, e a, c, e a* (.2) 1.8 b, c, e b, c, e e** (1.2) .6 b, c, f b, c b** (.4) .2 c, f c c (.2) 0 .0 2 2 d, f d, f f** (1.2)

Free Essays on The Tale Of Cupid And Psyche

of Apollo, would be "that terrible tyrant whose jurisdiction extends from heaven to hell† (Hamilton 98). Grief-stricken, the royal parents would not have obeyed had not Psyche, weary of her lonely life, insisted they comply. She was led in funeral procession to the summit of the mountain and left there as the sun slowly set. Zephyrus, the evening breeze, at the behest of Cupid, carried her down into the valley below. Upon waking, Psyche found herself before the entrance of a magnificent palace. She ente... Free Essays on The Tale Of Cupid And Psyche Free Essays on The Tale Of Cupid And Psyche In Edith Hamilton’s Mythology, the ancient mythological tale of Cupid and Psyche is a story of love that has been enjoyed by people for centuries. In more detail, it is about beauty, truth, and goodness, for these are three aspects of love. It is also about death, the hereafter, and rebirth. Its simplicity touches hearts, and at the same time tantalizes our minds. Beneath the story's romantic presentation lies a profound theme: the quest of the human soul. Psyche’s desire is for divine love and Cupid’s is for expression. The story is about a princess named Psyche, who was so beautiful that when it came time for her to wed no suitors could be found for everyone worshiped her from afar believing that she was the appearance on earth of the Goddess of Love. While this attention saddened and embarrassed the young princess it infuriated Aphrodite, the real Goddess of Beauty and Love. She directed her son, the young and fun-loving Cupid, to cast a spell upon Psyche that would cause her to fall in love with some despicable creature and in consequence to suffer so greatly that her beauty would fade. Obediently Cupid descended to earth, but the moment he saw the maiden his heart filled with love. Meanwhile, Psyche's parents had gone to the Oracle at Delphi for advice. The Pythia's reply was explicit: dress Psyche in mourning, escort her to the top of the mountain, and leave her to await her bridegroom who, in the words of Apollo, would be "that terrible tyrant whose jurisdiction extends from heaven to hell† (Hamilton 98). Grief-stricken, the royal parents would not have obeyed had not Psyche, weary of her lonely life, insisted they comply. She was led in funeral procession to the summit of the mountain and left there as the sun slowly set. Zephyrus, the evening breeze, at the behest of Cupid, carried her down into the valley below. Upon waking, Psyche found herself before the entrance of a magnificent palace. She ente...

Diabetes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Diabetes - Research Paper Example Based on the level of insulin secreted, diabetes is classified under three types: 1. Type 1 diabetes, which is present from childhood, in which the body secretes little or no insulin. This is also referred to as insulin dependent diabetes and genetics, viruses or autoimmune problems with the islet cells have been proposed as major causes for this type of diabetes. 2. The type 2 diabetes is a more common form of the disease which manifests only in adulthood when the islet cells begin to secrete less amounts of insulin or the body does not respond well to the secreted insulin. Increasing lifestyle changes such as lack of body exercise and food habits have been considered to be the major causative factors along with a genetic predisposition to the disease. 3. The third and an increasing occurring type is gestational diabetes wherein the mother develops the type 2 form of the disease during pregnancy which increases the risk for both the mother and the developing infant. (Diabetes, 2010) Genetic factors In the case of type 1 diabetes, which is present from childhood, studies have shown that more than 20 regions of the genome might be responsible for genetic susceptibility to the disease. Increased risk to the disease has been found to be associated with the genes present in the HLA region of chromosome 6 which includes HLA-DR, DQ, and DP. The various haplotypes of these genes are associated with increased risk for the disease in various populations and the presence of two such haplotypes together further compounds the risk for the disease. In addition, the presence of variants of the INS (insulin) gene located in chromosome 11, also predisposes the individual for the disease. Another gene that have been associated with the disease include variants of the CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated 4) gene which is located on chromosome 2. The genes associated with type 2 diabetes are those which are involved in pancreatic beta-cell function, insulin action, metabolis m of glucose and other conditions such as lipid metabolism and energy uptake and release. Some of the candidate genes for the disease include PPAR?, ABCC8, KCNJ11, and CALPN10. In the case of maturity-onset diabetes of the young, which is the type 2 form of the disease that occurs before 25 years of age, is linked to mutations that occur in at least 6 genes which are associates with beta cell function as all the genes are expressed within the islet cells of the pancreas (Genetics and Diabetes, n.d). Psychological aspects of the disease The initial response of the individual to the disease is associated with shock and anger as it is a lifelong condition and demands a lot of restrictions and a strict life style for controlling the disease. Beginning with food restrictions and following a routine of walking and exercise, the condition also requires continuous follow-ups and is also interlinked with various other illnesses. The long term nature of the disease has also been linked to dev elopment of anxiety and depression which in turn depend on their ability to cope with the limitations imposed by the disease. Such individuals also often feel isolated and dependent on people for their daily activities, which would be more obvious in case of children (Chandra, 1997). Medical and psychological interventions The presence of diabetes needs to be confirmed through proper diagnostic and screening procedures. Diagnostic tests are taken

The Great Gatsby Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

The Great Gatsby - Essay Example He has moved from the Midwest, where his family is wealthy and prominent, to become a bond salesman in New York. He is the quintessential lone representative of a bucolic bourgeois patriarchy, â€Å"making his name† in an urban area. This is not to say that Nick is alone on West Egg- his second cousin, Daisy, lives nearby with her overbearing, snobbish husband, Tom. Tom, who went to Yale and has all the trappings of class, displays a vulgar sort of vacuity that is actually rather disturbing. Nick visits the couple and assays in his laid-back narrative the tense and precarious situation of the household: the hulking Tom is immersed in half-baked racist theories, and Daisy seems to float around in an ephemeral haze of blasà © affectation which briefly disperses to reveal a still center of affected innocence. Nick meets Jordan Baker, a sophisticated and attractive golf champion who is visiting the Buchanan household, and the two begin what evolves into a casual romance. There is nothing obsessive about their offhanded relationship. farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens† (Fitzgerald 27). Though many critics posit that Myrtle Wilson is a positive, down-to-earth character just because of the colors of her clothing, one could also believe that Fitzgerald intends to characterize her in terms of her class. Counterpoised against the monied world of the Buchanans and the distantly wry, self-deprecating objectivity of Carraway’s detached affluence, Myrtle seems to be a rather simplified representative of a middle-class agog with the glamour of the wealthy elite. This behavior is irritating to Tom, who in a fit of rage behaves awfully and betrays his base nature, breaking Myrtle’s Nose when she presses the issue of Daisy’s cognizance. The pathetic, servile figure of George, Myrtle’s Daisy to visit him (Nick) while Gatsby â€Å"stops by.† After the two are finally together, the complicated